When floods, storms, and droughts strike, people are forced to flee their homes, putting them in danger's path. For people with disabilities, the consequences can be deadly. It is crucial that local people and humanitarian agencies, like HI, are trained directly in case of a natural disaster. Being more prepared for such events would save lives.

Humanity & Inclusion's teams are working to ensure that people with disabilities and vulnerable individuals are not forgotten when disasters strike through our Ready for Action (REACT) project. Launched in 2016, the goal of REACT is to enhance HI's capacity to respond to emergencies in a timely and effective manner.

Last month, two staff members from Humanity & Inclusion's headquarters in Lyon traveled to Bangladesh, a country vulnerable to natural and man-made hazards, for an emergency preparedness workshop with our local team. Together, our staff created an emergency response plan, and a plan to reinforce their emergency operations and support preparedness capacities. Outcomes included the previously-mentioned action plan, mapping of resources, and lessons-learned, as well as technical measures in case of emergencies.

Thanks to this vital collaboration, our team can share this life-saving knowledge with the local people, so they too can be ready for action!

Photo: Bhabani Rout, 45, who wears a prosthetic leg, leads an early warning mock drill in India.

Preparing for an emergency 

Emergency preparedness is a long-term process that requires dedicated time and resources, but it can also help improve the relevance and reach of Humanity & Inclusion's operations. Outcomes include:

1. Strengthened hazard monitoring and early warning capacities and processes in the field and at HQ
2. Increased capacity to assess emergency needs
3. Strengthened capacity to implement emergency response activities 
4. Strengthened supply chain, including contingency stock measures
5. Integration of emergency preparedness and response into strategic programming
6. Strengthened external coordination with INGOs, UN agencies and donors and strategic positioning
7. Increased ability to anticipate emergency funding needs and to access emergency funds

How does the Ready for Action (REACT) project work?

The Emergency Division supports programs in the project implementation. Services include:

• Capacity building on emergency response through capacity diagnoses and simulation exercises
• Facilitation of workshops to launch the preparedness process and help teams develop an EPR Plan
• Operational support to HQ and field teams in the response to emergencies and EPR plan follow-up

The projects targets HQ and field teams, with a focus on contexts that are most vulnerable to natural and man-made disasters. It also targets local partners, particularly in contexts where Humanity & Inclusion may respond to emergencies by working through local NGOs. The process involves all departments, including management, programming, technical, logistics, finance, HR and security teams, both at HQ and field levels.

In a corner of the Humanity & Inclusion center in the Ukhiya camp, Bangladesh, six-year-old Hamas finds joy bouncing on a large pink ball. Hamas, who has cerebral palsy, does rehabilitation exercises with Redwanul, an HI physical therapist, in order to relieve the extreme tightness in his muscles. Lacking medical care in his native Myanmar, however, his diagnosis came too late to prevent the onset of serious disabilities.

Solar panels have just been installed on the roofs of the HI rehabilitation center, but the building still needs several electrical connections to fully light its rooms. Redwanul is thus leading Hamas through the session in a rather dim setting, while Saidunamin, the little boy's father, observes the session closely. When they return home to their simple, makeshift shelter in the camp, Saidunamin will be the one helping Hamas do the exercises.

Hamas' problems started soon after his first birthday. Saidunamin was at a loss back then: "The hospitals didn't know what to do and didn't offer any care," Saidunamin explains with emotion in his voice. "Hamas’ problems only got worse. A year later, he could hardly move."

Hamas's muscles now have a tendency to contract all the time, causing a general paralysis that mostly affects his arms and legs. Exercises are crucial for reducing his stiffness.

Four of Saidunamin's six children have some form of disability. Their disabilities are especially challenging for a family in a refugee camp like Ukhiya, with its dirt roads and near complete lack of accessible facilities. "My wife is also disabled, so I have to care for Hamas by myself,” says Saidunamin.

In these circumstances, the HI center offers a haven for refugees who need help. Here, people with disabilities and their family members receive the resources they need to improve their lives.

Redwanul explains to Saidunamin that support for beneficiaries extends beyond the services offered at rehab center. HI can refer beneficiaries to partner organizations to receive additional specialized care. An HI technical consultant will visit the family soon to see what other services they might benefit from. Redwanul sends Saidunamin and Hamas home with the words, "we are here to help you."

Make a tax-deductible gift today to support children with disabilities like Hamas.

For the last 17 months, Humanity & Inclusion has been bringing emergency assistance to thousands of vulnerable Rohingya refugees in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. Teams have identified the most at-risk refugees, including people with injuries, disabilities, and physiological trauma, and have been providing them with rehabilitation, counseling, shelter kits, and other necessities.

Gabriel Perriau, Communications Officer for Humanity & Inclusion Canada, recently visited Cox’s Bazar and shared the following report.

After 30 hours of air travel and a ride in a “tum-tum”—the Bangladeshi version of rickshaw—I was relieved to finally arrive at Cox's Bazar to get a bit of rest. A  fishing port and tourist destination located along a 75-mile stretch of beaches, Cox's Bazar attracts the richest Bangladeshis. Paradoxically, this small seaside town has also become a hub for foreign humanitarian aid staff who work at the nearby Rohingya refugee camps.

The next day would be my first visit to a refugee camp, Ukhiya, which is crowded with more than 625,000 people, all waiting for a better future. The camp was formed in 1991 by a small group Rohingyas fleeing violence in Myanmar and has expanded dramatically since 2016 with the massive new influxes of Rohingyas.

In the morning, we drove some 20 miles out of the city. Gradually, the jungle gave way to a bleak landscape of makeshift shelters crisscrossed with narrow paths cut into the red soil. Plastic tarps and thatched roofs stretched for miles. The scenery was striking, but the sweltering heat was even more powerful.

To help us understand the difficulties the Rohingyas are facing, our local Humanity & Inclusion colleagues took us to meet several beneficiaries. First, we met Ali, an elderly man who had experienced a stroke that left him paralyzed on his left side. Ali explained to us how hard it is for someone with mobility challenges as nothing in the camp is designed for people with disabilities.

We then visited Sokina, a young woman who is permanently bedridden due to cerebral palsy. She could not speak, but when her eyes fixed on mine, I felt a sense of her suffering.

With each harrowing story I heard, I struggled to walk away. I felt the appreciation the beneficiaries and their families had for the HI staff supporting them. I could see how vital our work is to them.

Later, at an HI rehabilitation clinic, we met six-year-old Hamas and his father,  Saidunamin. The physical therapist performed exercises with Hamas, who has cerebral palsy, while his father watched closely. At home, Saidunamin is Hamas's primary caretaker. Four of Saidunamin's six children have some form of disability. This is a significant burden for a family in a refugee camp like Ukhiya, with its rough roads and near complete lack of proper facilities.

With tears in his eyes, Saidunhamin told us how he completely relies on help from aid organizations to get by. The physical therapist tried to comfort him while I looked on, unable help.

Once the session ended, Saidunamin stood up and took his boy in his arms. He told the physical therapist, "shukria"—thank you—and began the long walk back home along a dusty path. My colleagues and I got into our small Toyota truck and headed back our hotel in Cox's Bazar.

At home, the newspapers occasionally mention the Rohingyas' struggle, and our government emphasizes the urgency of their situation. Nothing, however, could have prepared me for what I witnessed firsthand. It's hard to remain indifferent to the fate of these men, women, and children. They are thousands of miles away from us, but their humanity shows us how alike we are.

Read our latest situation report

Help ensure critical aid reaches families who have fled with nothing.

Humanitarian and civil society agencies working in Rakhine State in Myanmar and in the Rohingya refugee camps in Bangladesh are deeply concerned that the repatriation of refugees will commence in mid-November, according to an announcement of the Joint Working Group of the Governments of Bangladesh and Myanmar on October 30, 2018.

The Governments of Myanmar and Bangladesh have made assurances to the refugees and the international community that repatriation will only happen when it is safe, voluntary and dignified. We call on both governments to stand by their commitments.
The UN has repeatedly stated that conditions in Myanmar are not conducive to return at this time. Refugees continue to flee Myanmar and facilitating repatriation now would be premature. The involuntary return of refugees from Bangladesh to Myanmar, where their lives and safety remain at grave risk, is a violation of the fundamental principle of non-refoulement.

Refugees have consistently told us that they want to return to their own homes and places of origin, or to places of their choice. They want guarantees that they can enjoy equal rights and citizenship. They want assurances that the extreme human rights violations they have suffered will stop, and those responsible for the violence they fled will be brought to justice. They do not want to return to conditions of confinement with no freedom of movement or access to services and livelihoods. They fear that these conditions will become permanent, like the situation in Central Rakhine State where 128,000 Rohingya and other Muslims have been confined to camps with no freedom of movement for over six years.

Most of all, refugees tell us that they are afraid. They fled to Bangladesh to seek safety and they are very grateful to the Government of Bangladesh for giving them a safe haven. However, they are terrified about what will happen to them if they are returned to Myanmar now, and distressed by the lack of information they have received.

"We really want to go back, but not without citizenship...," says a refugee woman living in camps, in her mid-thirties. "They must give us citizenship and a normal life, like the other people are living in Myanmar…. They need to keep us in peace and not hurt us.
I have a brother back in Myanmar. … They are still afraid to sleep at night. They are still afraid to be killed in their beds. After coming here, through the blessings of Allah and the Bangladesh government, we can sleep at night. But my brother, he cannot sleep at night.”

As the UN agency mandated with the protection of refugees, UNHCR must play a key role in any organized return process, including providing refugees with objective, up-to-date, and accurate information in relevant languages and formats to allow them to make genuinely free and informed choices about whether and when they would like to exercise their right to return, obtaining their consent and monitoring that conditions are safe for return in Myanmar.

We call on the Governments of Bangladesh and Myanmar to uphold their commitments, and ensure that refugees in Bangladesh are able to make free and informed choices about return, based on access to full and impartial information about conditions in Rakhine State. UN agencies should have unimpeded access to all parts of Rakhine State in order to provide this information and to monitor the situation in areas of potential return.

Note to editors

1. For further information about conditions necessary for safe and voluntary return please see a joint statement by INGOs in Myanmar issued on December 8, 2017.
2. Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina publicly affirmed Bangladesh’s commitment to not return Rohingya refugees to Myanmar until the conditions are conducive including “guaranteeing protection, rights and pathway to citizenship for all Rohingyas” at her UNGA statement on September 25, 2018 in New York. The Government of Myanmar has also made public statements that refugees should return “voluntarily in safety and dignity."
3. For further information about human rights conditions inside Myanmar see the full report of the Independent International Fact Finding Mission on Myanmar published on September 18, 2018.
4. The fundamental principle of non-refoulement is the cornerstone of international refugee protection and prevents the return or expulsion of a refugee “in any manner whatsoever to the frontiers of territories where his life or freedom would be threatened on account of his race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion." [Article 33 of the 1951 Refugee Convention]. Even States that are not signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention are bound by the principle of non-refoulement which is a recognized principle of customary international law. Human rights law (the 1984 UN Convention Against Torture, and the 1966 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights) also prohibit the return or expulsion of a person to a country where they would be in danger of torture or persecution. For more information – see UNHCR Note on the Principle of Non-Refoulement.
5. For more information on international standards relating to Voluntary Repatriation, see UNHCR Handbook on Voluntary Repatriation.

Photo caption: Rohingya women wait for humanitarian aid at a refugee camp in Bangladesh where HI works.

Violence affects one in three women in their lifetime. Globally, women with disabilities are ten times more likely to experience sexual violence. Over the next three weeks, Humanity & Inclusion will address the violence against women with disabilities at the 71st session of the Committee[1] on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, organized by the United Nations in Geneva from October 22 through November 9.

25 years of work

Humanity & Inclusion implements projects to address violence in six countries around the world[2] by raising women's awareness of their rights and helping them build self-reliance. In Rwanda, HI provides psychological support to victims of physical and sexual violence, including women, and organizes discussion groups. In Rwanda, Burundi, and Kenya, our team works to combat sexual violence against children, including children with disabilities, who are three to four times more likely to be at risk of violence.

Making it Work

HI launched the Making it Work Gender and Disability project to promote good practices in order to eliminate violence against women and girls with disabilities. The aim is to ensure that women's voices are heard and that the risks they face (violence, abuse, and exploitation) are taken into account in the projects implemented by other organizations in the fields of humanitarian action, human rights, feminism, and gender-based violence.

Publications

Gender and disability intersectionality in practice: Women and girls with disabilities addressing discrimination and violence in Africa

In June 2018, Humanity & Inclusion's Making it Work project published the report, “Gender and disability intersectionality in practice: Women and girls with disabilities addressing discrimination and violence in Africa,” which presents nine best practices for women’s organizations in six African countries. Women leaders with disabilities presented the report at the Conference of States Parties to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in New York. 

Protection Against Violence Based on Disability, Gender, Age (2018)

Humanity & Inclusion works to prevent violence based on disability, gender and age and its disabling consequences in development and fragile settings, as well as to provide holistic care for survivors of violence, exploitation and abuse. HI’s goal is to ensure that people with disabilities and other at-risk groups are less exposed to violence and can live in dignity, independently, and with control over their own lives. View the flier here.

[1]This committee is the body of independent experts that monitors implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

[2] Kenya, Ethiopia, Rwanda, Burundi, Pakistan, and Bangladesh.

In August 2017, more than 700,000 Rohingya fled Myanmar for Cox's Bazaar in Bangladesh, joining tens and thousands of others. Humanity & Inclusion has 200 staff on the ground, providing assistance to more than 30,000 people.

Help ensure critical aid reaches families who have fled with nothing.

Jean-Loup Gouot, Director of HI in Bangladesh explains the dire situation:

Emergency action

Humanity & Inclusion assisted more than 30,000 Rohingya refugees in the Kutupalong, Balukhali, Unchipranget, and Nayapara camps since September 2017. Our teams provided rehabilitation care to more than 8,000 people with injuries, reduced mobility or disabilities, along with psychological support, and organized fun activities for children. We also distributed crutches, wheelchairs, and other mobility devices, as well as hygiene kits, kitchen utensils, blankets, and food rations. We also set up two logistics platforms and provided a fleet of 346 trucks to help store and transport humanitarian equipment for HI and other humanitarian organizations.

Living conditions

With more than 900,000 Rohingya refugees living in Bangladesh, they find it difficult to access health care, food, clean water, and education, and remain highly dependent on humanitarian aid. Their living conditions are harsh. Tensions have flared between local people and refugees over access to basic services (health care, education, etc.), and the allocation of already limited natural resources. The situation remains critical, and though the emergency situation has stabilized, it is steadily turning into a “chronic” crisis.

HI’s priorities

We work to ensure that all vulnerable individuals—people with disabilities, older people, pregnant women, and children—have access to rehabilitation care, psychological support, and basic services. We also want to make sure that all children, with or without disabilities, have equal access to education. HI assists some 30 schools, where we train teachers, make schools accessible (adding ramps, etc.), and help raise the awareness of families to send their children to school. This project alone has helped 500 children with disabilities access an education.  

Key figures

HI has helped more than 30,000 people since the start of the crisis:

• Provided rehabilitation care to more than 8,000 people and psychosocial support to more than 8,500
• Distributed 1,000 mobility aids such as wheelchairs, walkers, crutches, etc.
• Set up 2 humanitarian equipment storage centers
• Provided 346 trucks to transport humanitarian aid for HI and other organizations
• Distributed
  • 1,000 hygiene kits to more than 4,000 beneficiaries
  • 5,000 food rations to more than 24,000 beneficiaries
  • 900+ accommodation kits

It’s monsoon season in the Kutupalong refugee camp in southern Bangladesh. The ground is muddy and slippery. Seven-year-old Saiful steps cautiously along the path to school. “I’m afraid of falling with my artificial leg,” he says, surrounded by his school friends. Saiful and his family live in the Rohingya registered refugee camp in Kutupalong, Bangladesh. At age two, he lost his left leg due to a congenital malformation. With support from HI, he has been fitted with an artificial leg and can now walk and attend school.

Searching for safety 

Like hundreds of thousands of other Rohingya families, Noor Nahar and her husband, Mohammed Alom, left Myanmar in search of safety. After a long journey by boat and bus, Saiful’s parents arrived in Dhecua Palong camp before moving to Kutupalong refugee camp in 1993. They settled down, and their family gradually grew. Their sixth child, Saiful, was born in 2009.

“His right foot was deformed and turned inward,” his mother explains. “It got worse and became infected. They said it was osteomyelitis, inflammation of the bone marrow and bone. The doctors told us several times that it needed to be amputated. We just couldn’t imagine doing that.”

Saiful’s operation

Over the course of two years, Saiful visited hospitals in the region on more than ten occasions. Visit after visit, the advice was always the same: Saiful needed an amputation. His parents resisted and refused to authorize the operation. Saiful would keep his leg.

Saiful had to take antibiotics on a regular basis. Then one morning, he woke up and couldn’t move his legs or blink his eyes. He was rushed to Cox’s Bazar Hospital where he had his right leg amputated. “We were miserable and felt demoralized. Saiful did too. He became isolated, and didn’t want to go out for fear he would fall. And us, we were exhausted.”

First steps with a new leg

In 2013, HI physical therapists met Saiful in the refugee camp. “He was shy and wasn’t moving around much,” explains Bayzed Hossain, HI’s disability officer in Bangladesh. “We’re working to ensure he attends rehabilitation sessions and does exercises to restore his flexibility and to firm up his limbs. We’ve also set up parallel bars close to his home so he can get regular exercise. And we’re training his parents to conduct physical therapy exercises between sessions. But most important of all, in 2015, at age six, Saiful got his first artificial leg and took his first steps.”

“We’d given up hope,” his father explains. “We thought Saiful would never walk again. His artificial leg changed everything. Our boy is now learning to walk and going to school. He made friends and he’s more confident now.”

In the classroom

It’s June 2016 and Saiful, 7, is writing on the blackboard. “Saiful is cheerful and fits in well,” his teacher explains. “He’s supported by a group of teachers who go around with him. We’ve made a few adjustments to make him more comfortable. HI trained us on how to include children with disabilities in the classroom as best as we can.”

Saiful also takes part in the sport and leisure activities organized by HI, which brings together more than 800 children with and without disabilities. “Khelain arto besi gom lage” – “I love to play!,” says Saiful.

Ongoing rehabilitation care

Today, with support from HI, Saiful is more autonomous, better integrated, and attends school. His confidence has grown, but his situation is still complicated. “Saiful needs to improve his balance as he recently fell and burned himself,” Bayzed Hossain says. “He needs to firm up his limbs and become more flexible. And he’ll need a new artificial leg next year, as he continues to grow.”

"HI’s support is vital to us,” his mother adds. “But life in the refugee camp is tough. We have seven children and we live in a single room. There’s no privacy. It’s hard to access water and sanitary facilities, and hygiene is very bad. There’s mud everywhere in the monsoon season, and the heat is unbearable in the dry season. No one works here and not all of the children go to school. It’s awful not knowing what the future holds. The only thing we want is to finally feel at home, somewhere.”

Future goals

Saiful returns home from school for the day. He’s getting ready to meet up with his friends to play marbles. Before he says goodbye, our team asks him what he’d like to do when he’s older. Saiful responds without missing a beat: “Ai dorwayrea asmane urium” – “When I grow up I’m going to fly!”

Make a tax-deductible gift today to support children with disabilities like Saiful.

More than 9,000 Rohingya have been affected by floods and landslides in Bangladesh since June. HI teams continue to assist affected populations amidst a challenging environment.  

Urgent needs

In August 2017, HI launched an emergency response to assist hundreds of thousands of Rohingya refugees who have fled Myanmar. Since June 2018, these already vulnerable people have had to face torrential rain, floods, and landslides, making it difficult for our teams to reach individuals and deliver humanitarian supplies.

“Nine thousand refugees are affected by the floods and have been urgently relocated to other areas of the camp,” Jean-Loup Gouot, director of HI in Bangladesh explains. “This situation weakens an already vulnerable population who live in precarious conditions and are particularly exposed to the risk of natural disasters such as cyclones. There’s also a threat of cholera epidemics. Those affected urgently need a weather-resistant shelter, and access to water, food, and health care.”

“We continue to provide rehabilitation care and psychological support to the most vulnerable and help deliver humanitarian aid to refugees. But due to bad weather, we only have access to 70% of our response areas. We are looking into alternative ways to access the most vulnerable individuals and to give them the support they need," adds Jean-Loup Gouot.

Our projects in aid of Rohingya refugees

Since August 2017, HI has assisted more than 24,000 Rohingya refugees in the Kutupalong, Balukhali, Unchipranget, and Nayapara camps. Our actions to date: 

• Deployed 10 mobile teams, consisting of physical therapists, psychosocial wurkers, nurses, protection workers, and sports educations, who travel to the camps to identify the most vulnerable people and offer them rehabilitation care, psychological support, and recreational activities.
• Provided rehabilitation care in homes and hospitals in Cox’s Bazar to more than 8,000 people.
• Supplied more than 1,000 mobility aids such as crutches, wheelchairs, and walkers to people in need.
• Provided individual or group psychological support to more than 8,500 people.
• Arranged two storage areas in Unchiprang and Dhumdumia to store the equipment of other international humanitarian organizations.
• Arranged a fleet of 346 trucks carrying more than 35 cubic feet of humanitarian equipment (hygiene kits, mobility aids, etc.).
• Distributed hygiene kits to more than 4,000 people.
• Distributed 5,000 food rations and more than 900 accommodation kits to vulnerable individuals. 

Read the latest Bangladesh situation report (June 2018)

As of May 2019, more than 909,000 Rohingya refugees—including more than 400,000 children—reside in Bangladesh. They are in desperate need of basic aid, psychosocial support, and rehabilitation care. Humanity & Inclusion has more than 200 staff on the ground, working to support the most vulnerable, including people with disabilities.

Help ensure critical aid reaches families who have fled with nothing.

Read our latest situation report (September 2019)

With support from IKEA Foundation, Humanity & Inclusion constructed and opened its first-ever inclusive playground in Teknaf district, Bangladesh. Since opening day, the playground has become a place filled with children, with and without disabilities, playing and laughing together.

It was an exciting day for the community of Teknaf in Bangladesh when a representative from the Ministry of Social Welfare joined HI staff and several dozens of children to open the first and only playground in the region. For months, community members and HI staff have been constructing the playground with local materials, under the eager eyes from the children who couldn’t wait to try out the swings, toboggans, and especially the traditional boat that has been turned into a colorful jungle gym.

Teknaf is a very poor district. Child-friendly and inclusive places to play do not exist. “Even the open fields are disappearing quickly,” says Farid Alam Khan, a local communications officer for HI. “Due to unplanned urbanization, almost 70% of the total open space in Bangladesh has been grabbed in the last two decades. There was a huge need for a playground with child-friendly games.”

Since opening, the playground continues to be packed with children. “Thanks to this new playground, the children can be in a different world. We’ve already noticed that the playground connects people. It also shows the parents and the community the importance of play for children, and we hope that local organizations will follow this example and will start constructing additional playgrounds,” says Farid.  

The playground is built in an inclusive way, inviting and facilitating children with disabilities to join. “Traditionally, children with disabilities are not allowed to go out to play. But now, our teams go find children with disabilities and take them to the playground where they are welcomed. The aim is to encourage parents and other children to be more inclusive of children with disabilities.”

GROWING TOGETHER PROJECT

Growing Together is a four-year project in Thailand, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, and is funded by the IKEA Foundation. Humanity & Inclusion is creating inclusive spaces where children can come together–through play–to work through some of the challenges they face, especially children with disabilities. In addition to inclusive playgrounds, Growing Together will target the youngest children who are at risk of developmental problems. Simultaneously, the program will engage local child development service providers and help them become more responsive to the needs of boys and girls with disabilities and other vulnerable children. Learn more about the partnership.